16.12.18

In the circle of artists

I think it was Jimmy Fallon and Jerry Seinfeld, in an episode of Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee, who were discussing hanging out with other comedians. I understood immediately what they meant, and I was kind of relieved to see my neurosis wasn't really neurosis after all, just human nature.

Because they weren't talking about just hanging out with comedians, they were talking about only hanging out with comedians. Fallon says something along the lines of really only enjoying things if he is with other comedians. There is a common habit of using humor to see the world, in such a way that only other comedians really get it.

I feel this way about artists. I prefer hanging out with other artists, only. If artists aren't going to be there, I'm not really interested. There is a certain perspective creative types bring to the world that is soothing and intriguing and comforting. I just don't have as much fun if there aren't other artists around. I don't feel as connected to what's happening unless I can exchange a glance and smile with a fellow artist that says, "Did you see that? You saw that, right?" And of course they did. They saw it, they heard it, they imagined the rest of it in a way that only artists do. 

In terms of African dance and music, I've had the privilege and honor of mostly being in the inner circle. Those of us who are obsessed and passionate about traditional African music spend a lot of time with other artists. We go to events in the circle of artists, which allows for an inside view of how things happen. How dances get choreographed and songs get composed. How performances get put together. How weddings and birthdays and other celebrations get infused with spirit and revelry. Any event without music and dancing isn't really complete. 

It is just in these last few months that I've come to understand there is an entirely different view of art and artists. I should have known. I did know, but not in a truly aware way of knowing. So many artists have a similar story- either they are from a long line of artists, or they're not. And if they're not, it's likely they've suffered some serious repercussions for choosing a life of creativity. From physical abuse to being thrown out and disowned, families who are not artist families do not want to "lose" their children to this path. 

Here in Mali, I hear a lot about families who do not want their children to experience drumming or dancing or anything to do with traditional arts. They don't want their children hanging around those people. Others don't mind the drums, but draw a line at the balafon or kora. These are reserved for griot families- the generations tasked with keeping stories. Music and dance are really just about storytelling and keeping history. 

There is no doubt people think these things are important- that's not really the issue. Kings and queens and chiefs of villages need these griots to sing their praises and make sure everyone else realizes their wisdom and importance.  But after that, keep your distance. It becomes something of a caste situation. 

It all translates into a complex relationship between the praiser and the one who is praised. There is power in being the composer of history. It's not so different from Chimamanda Adichie's view in The Danger of a Single Story. Those who write the stories hold the power. And in the case of musical presentation, there is the potential for another kind of power. Music is compelling and hypnotic; music makers are slightly magical. Attractive, mysterious, captivating. Potentially more captivating than the ruler himself. This is where the danger lies. Jealousy and mistrust brew. 

I'm told this is a West African thing, though I hadn't noticed it so much in neighboring countries.  I've been too busy being in awe- surrounded by artists and trying to learn as much as possible- to stop and consider someone might think there is another way to be. That this way should be separate and the music makers kept apart. Or maybe I just enjoy being kept apart. The caste system in this case doesn't really define higher or lower, but just separate.  

I can't imagine any other way to experience things except through art. Through the creative eye. With rhythms of the drums pulsing through you, matching your heartbeat, taking you back to the original birth, the first energy source that connects us all. Maybe that is the scary thing: facing our human connection, facing an intangible energy that is profound and un-knowable. The inner view.  It truly is magical, and life would hardly be bearable without it.

*UPDATE* Here's an article discussing exactly what I was talking about. It's funny how that comes about.

14.12.18

Happy Holidays- undercover

We made it to the ever longed for and much appreciated holiday break. Here's a standard email from the US embassy wishing us a joyous, albeit quiet, season- "keep it down over there."

Location: Bamako

During the holiday season security measures in Mali remain heightened due to ongoing threats posed by transnational terrorist organizations and individuals inspired by extremist ideology throughout Africa. Extremists continue to focus on locations such as shopping centers, airports, hotels, clubs, restaurants, places of worship, transportation hubs, street markets, and other public venues frequented by Westerners. Please exercise particular caution during the holiday season and at holiday events.

Actions to Take: Exercise additional vigilance throughout the holiday season. Review your personal security plans. Be aware of your surroundings. Use caution when driving at night and avoid walking after dark. Monitor local media for updates. Exercise caution if unexpectedly in the vicinity of large gatherings or protests. Keep a low profile.

25.11.18

The curdling of milk

In an effort to have more adventure, Mbalia and I accepted (or weaseled our way into) an invitation to visit a farm just outside the city center. Farms are the new African chic retirement system. I remember several of the teachers in Abidjan were busy investing in farms and visiting them on the weekends to try and get something going. Its all the rage in Bamako as well.

Except the farm we visited was not your average past time. Someone had invested a considerable sum of money to start up a cheese and yogurt farm. Apparently it is a partnership between the Dutch woman, who has had 30 plus years making cheese in France, and the Malian who owns the land and purchased the machines and is paying a small salary until the business takes off.  I am fascinated by the lives people lead. There is always a story in Africa.

The farm had freshly painted yellow walls- no rules about red barns and white fences here. One building inside was clearly new, also fresh yellow paint and a double roof system which works to keep out dust. Other small buildings on the land included rooms for security and a series of toilets and washrooms.

After a quick tour of the cheese making stations, the kids found their way outside and quickly discovered some chickens. The cows were off grazing somewhere. Our host had prepared for our visit by completing many of her tasks the day before, which freed her up to take us on a little hike to a neighboring animal farm. We got a glimpse of ostrich- alarmingly tall and strong- securely enclosed, though apparently they used to run free within walls but kept escaping. I am thinking one thing I would not want to run into in the wild is a free roaming ostrich. Their reputation has never really lived up to the reality of their height and impressive strength.

We went to visit cows, mostly a group of newborn calves which Mbalia was happy to pet. And we peered into endless rooms of baby chicks or other poultry. The kids were impressed by the large numbers written on little chalkboards hanging above the door. Little Mohamed felt certain the numbers couldn't be right ("How could they know?!") and was determined to count them himself, a task that quickly proved beyond his first grade abilities. Little birds move a lot, especially when frightened by strangers hovering near doorways.

The first time we peeked in, the entire mass of furry feathered babies went scurrying in one direction. "They're gathering," he shouted, except in French it was more like, "Ils fait l'assembly" which it made it seem like they were off to have a meeting about the perceived invasion. There is nothing like children to make an ordinary visit to a farm seem like a wondrous thing.

After our return to the cheese farm, the kids fought with sticks and planted dried hibiscus branches, which they watered with earnest. Little Mohamed decided to take one home and decorate it for his Christmas tree. Mbalia left hers deeply planted and well watered in the sand so it would "grow and grow."

We had a treat of yogurt and I bought a round of cheese, which turned out to be very tasty. It was a nice day away from the bustle and dust of the city. Even though Malian bush just seems dry and harsh to me, the air quality did feel different. A slight breeze and not so much pollution from traffic.

The most impressive part of the day was the path we followed to arrive. While there were no real landmarks, our host did an amazing job of giving us directions. We did not get lost, although we did have to call her several times to get a repeat of crucial details- was it left or right at the mango tree that's been cut? It was a long story to get, "watch for the building with a blue roof, turn right at the Coca Cola-Bavaria stand, take a left at the mango that's been cut, go over a small bridge, every time there's a fork, take a left, look for an aluminum shed, etc, etc." My kind of directions. I couldn't help but marvel at the way she was able to guide us through what might be to some an unremarkable bush, and yet there were people in the city who couldn't give me directions to their home- even with stores and landmarks and street corners to count- they could do no more than say, "I live parallel to the river," which is actually a lot of people, or "It's behind Shopreate." Ok........that covers a good 50 or 100 or a million houses. Do I just go door knocking?

It's a fading art, this giving of directions, this knowing where we are and noticing where we go each day. We paid special attention to the unremarkable bush because we also knew we'd have to get back. We observed a concrete store with an old man sitting out front and wondered if he would still be there on the return (he was, and had been joined by his family who were doing each other's hair and playing in the little mounds of grass and just taking in the evening air.) We noticed a large water tank enclosed by an iron holder that was abstract enough to resemble a sculpture of some sort. This signaled a left on the way back, and it turned out to be a helpful sign.

Our trip to the farm was that level of excitement and interest that still captures the little ones but may have only left Nabih hot and bored. I enjoyed just being out of the city and resolved to find more ways to do so. Bamako is not growing on me really, and the dry vegetation did not make things more appealing. But it was interesting to imagine someone else's life for a minute, timing the curdling of milk in just the right fashion to make a tasty round of cheese or tangy pot of yogurt. She drives out there each day, about an hour for her, and I imagine the mental transition she makes going from city lights to empty farm country.

A group of men, neighbors, it seemed, or maybe fellow farm-retirement investors, passed by to purchase some yogurt. It was a fun surprise, out in the middle of nowhere, to have a sleek, white SUV pull up filled with 5 men all interested in yogurt or small talk.

We left as dusk set in. I couldn't imagine the darkness of the bush or trying to navigate the roads that way, not for the first time back. But I could imagine the sky and I wondered if it would be magical here at night. It feels like so long since I've seen stars.

Red roads of the bush country

Shiny new cheese making equipment

Moulding station

Cheese and yogurt ready for delivery

One of the out buildings

Hiking to a neighboring animal farm

Random half building amidst the dry bush
Ostrich- taller than me and that's muscle
under those feathers, not fat

Petting the calves

Newborn

Peering in at the babies


Not sure who counted, or how they know, but 639 babies here

Watering the dried hibiscus branch

The farm entrance red door and double roof

Happiness 

But there were a few moments, naturally

Little round of cheese- very tasty

4.11.18

Ballet du Wassoulou

I had the immense pleasure of seeing the Ballet du Wassoulou perform at the Institute Francais several weeks ago. There were a few realizations I came to after reflecting on their powerful presentation.

It was actually the second time I'd seen a group of dancers present a show by introducing themselves  as "not dancers." The first time the masked dancers were from the Dogon area of Mopti and I was woefully disappointed and underwhelmed, although the rest of the audience was delighted.

At the time, I chalked it up to having standards set too high by the many professional companies I have seen and worked with. What I didn't realize then I became fully aware of during the Wassoulou performance.

While several of the artists clearly had perfected their moves through rehearsal and trainings, many of them were just repeating what they do naturally. The dances and rhythms we were witnessing were being performed as they were actually used in the village. I'd often thought just coming to Africa was enough to understand the roots of the dances, but what I realized in that moment was that this was so much closer.

These farmers were just doing what they know. They were offering the very origin of the dances in their most authentic form. The only way to get closer would be for me to go to the fields themselves.


Captivating musician- farmers

I was enchanted. They were good; they were skillful; they were real. When the masked dancers came out, everything shifted to an ever deeper level. Two different animal dances were presented- the monkeys and the buffalo. Both had the ability to capture and captivate the viewer, transporting us beyond the walls of the theater and into the otherworldly realm of spirits and superstition.

It had been awhile since I'd seen a masked dance and I'd forgotten just how powerful it is. It doesn't take long before the dancers are transformed, actually becoming the animal spirits. It is a radical and dramatic shift. Watching a masked animal dance is one sure way of reliving the magic of childhood and the wonderment of belief in the fantastical.

Mystical buffalo dancers

The ability to create such life-like movements that allow the viewer to succumb to the visual suggestion before them, this ability to reflect the natural movements of animals in their environment can only come from actually viewing them in their environment. The closeness between man and the animal, the idea that they share living space and interact daily, it all became obviously apparent. With this realization came the contrary observation that we who are so enthralled, we the majority of the audience, live our lives at a distance, in ignorance of and unfamiliar with the organisms and beings with whom we share our world. We have removed ourselves from so much of what we used to be integrated with. We've become separate and alone.

It all came flooding through me at once- the raw authentic origin of the dance, the insight and knowledge of the artists, the losses brought about through modernity and development- and the real treasure that I was witnessing. I was stunned.

The three Malian women who singing only added to the sense of majesty. Their voices were of that soothing Sahel quality, the seductive longing for a romantic desert I am not convinced really exists. But I was lulled and lured and captivated by their voices. For one night, I allowed myself to give in to the haunting hymns of the sirens.  For one night, Bamako was winning me over.


I wish I'd captured more- elegant and masterful. 

A stunning duo


14.10.18

The time I did stop

About a month ago, I started carrying shoes in the car. I bought a bunch of the plastic white sandals common in West Africa and keep them in my car- in case. This is the kind of healing I can do. I drive with my eyes on the talibe feet. I can happily say that a good many of them of have shoes. Were I still in Kinshasa, my shoe bag would have emptied within the hour. 

The first boy I passed here in Bamako was sleeping in a driveway. I was a little shy about giving the shoes and the whole scene turned rather comical. I drove by, turned around, and finally stopped the car just down the street from him. I wished I'd had some food to offer. The ability to sleep on concrete so near to a busy roadway is something I will never understand. Why not find a piece of cool shade under a tree? Or a private place removed from danger? Or maybe that's where danger lies? In the private, hidden places.

I can only think of the exhaustion that must be present for this kind of public sleeping and food seemed a much better offer than shoes. As he lifted his head, I saw why his feet were bare. Of course you cannot sleep with your shoes on, not if you want to keep them. I drove away then, thinking it would be better to stock up on bread or fruit or cookies even. 

I didn't stop for the next two barefooted boys I saw. Either traffic made it inconvenient or something inside held me back. It's not easy to give. It needs to be sincere, and genuine and done in a matter of fact this-is-happening-because-we're-humans way. A space needs to be created.

The fourth boy I saw was walking with friends. They turned down the same road I intended to turn down. There were four or five of them altogether and I hesitated- again, no food to give. What did I have for the others? Only one had bare feet. Was this going to create a problem?

The bag of shoes had been mocking me, all these weeks in my car. I pulled over next to the boys. They walked up and I opened the door. "Where are your shoes?" I asked. None of them really appeared to understand me, but the oldest one came closer, peered into the car and figured it out. I gave over one shoe and indicated the boy should try it on. When it seemed likely to fit, I passed the other one along.

The boys walked off together. One of them waved and smiled at me as I drove away. He seemed genuinely happy that his friend had new shoes. I was really glad there wasn't a fight or a request for something more. I guess I should really get some food. It's always back to basics. 

"When your stomach is hungry, your feet don't feel the rocks." I am sure that could easily be a proverb from somewhere. There are no solutions, no quick fixes. I am still trying to figure out the who and how behind community emergency systems.  

I didn't save a life, but at least this time I did stop.

Who we become


A few nights ago I dreamed of love. We were singing together and this man had a soul touching voice. It was a sure love, a new love and so comfortable. I didn’t want to leave that dream. The real world is a lonely place. I can’t seem to find my way here. And when I am driving through the city, looking at the thousands of people I don’t know, realizing in cities and towns across the world there are hundreds of millions of people- so many of us, how is it possible for any one of us to be so alone?

It is often that my perspective zooms out to such a scale that I see only humans, and we are horrible to each other. It is as if we are not of the same species. We do not see how we are related. We do not care for each other or tend to our sick or frail. We are a sorry lot, us humans, lost in searching and fighting for things that are inconsequential. We can’t even see it.

Yesterday I passed another person on the street- I am not sure who he was- a forgotten? A throwaway? I can’t even be certain of the situation. As I drove past I saw a man on a motorcycle looking down at him and shaking his head and then driving away. I don’t know if the motorcycle had hit him, or narrowly missed or just stopped to see if help could be offered. It wasn’t clear in those few quick seconds. 

I saw a woman walking by. She looked, kept walking and looked back again. She had a baby on her back and a large bowl of bananas on her head. She was carrying a small table or crate in her hand. None of us seemed to know what to do. Myself- I drove by. I looked, I wondered, I panicked in a way. Yes, it was panic because I did not stop. A steady hand would have stopped and offered help. The street was oddly empty. Usually there are a bunch of sellers on this stretch of road. It is one of the very few places where the street sellers persist. But in this moment, I drove to the corner, made the turn and there was nothing. No one.

I hate that I do this. Drive by. The man had been lying on his stomach, his head oddly facing the ground. He appeared to be having a seizure, his body convulsing in some way. His legs were jerking and his torso rose off the ground. Everything about the movements were unnatural and wrong. He was alone. I did not stop. What would I have done?

My most recent medical training was in CPR- what to do if someone is not breathing- not how to handle convulsions. I am still never really clear on what to do with trauma. It’s not my strong point. I am very, very squeamish and afraid to see blood or bone and organs exposed. I think I am most afraid of being out of control. I cannot fix those things.

In Africa, the situation becomes even more complex because there is no 911. And even if they do purport to have an emergency number (112 or something similar) it will take a long time for anyone to show up. Further complications include being foreign, being white and not knowing exactly what happened. These all sound like excuses, and they are. They are the reasons that prevent me from stopping. Being foreign means that I have a greater chance of somehow becoming implicated or blamed for the incident. Being white suggests I will pay for everything and not knowing exactly what happened means I can’t offer a defense.

They are all good and valid excuses, but none of them make me feel better about myself. It’s not the person I want to be- the person that sees a need and just keeps driving.  I am coming to realize that medical issues are not my area of strength. I am really not equipped to offer much in the case of broken and bleeding bodies. It’s hard to accept this. Sometimes I feel like the only worthwhile thing is to be a medical healer. We do it to each other, this breaking of bodies. War and fighting and anger. We ruin lives, we starve each other, we create situations of horror that don't have to exist. In these times, the immediate need is physical. Nothing else matters when you're a life on the edge. 

But there are other types of healing. And some of these other areas are where I feel more capable. As a healer, however, it is shocking to drive by someone in need and feel unable to assist. It is an overwhelming sense of dread and powerlessness that cuts down to the core and plants a little seed. It stays there long into the night and the day and resurfaces every so often to remind you of who you were in that moment. And who you really are. Not a healer after all, but just someone who drove by.

I passed the area again later in the day and he was gone. Someone had stepped in. Either to offer help or to clear the body. I can feel positive about that- not like the child in the road, whose body remained despite a busy street and plenty of onlookers.

It is situations like these that make me wonder if maybe I am not cut out for African living anymore. Maybe I am full up. When you are constantly facing hardships and battling inequality- facing simple problems that suddenly become insurmountable, it’s not easy to like who you become.

13.9.18

A greeting between neighbors

The house across the street from us has a clay water pot out front. It is a common sight in Mali, this clay water pot. They can be found in front of mosques, houses and little boutiques. The pot has a cover and usually sitting on top is a plastic cup or two.

Anyone who needs a drink is welcome to come and help themselves. And people do. Mali is hot. People are thirsty. The clay pot keeps the water clean and cool. It is a typical Malian gesture- this kindness in the most basic and humane way.

Just beside our house, there is a footpath that leads to the main road. On the other side of the footpath is a huge lettuce garden. We get a lot of traffic on the footpath, though I haven't quite figured out where everyone is going. Our neighborhood could be considered new; it's still very much a hybrid of half-built houses, lettuce fields and random occupants like us. While there isn't an obvious destination in sight, maybe some are just coming for the water.

There is often a collection of 'talibe boys' who pass by in the morning and evening hours (a quick google search for talibe boys reveals a wealth of information on aid projects and other social programs aimed at their wellbeing.)  I have caught myself being annoyed at their begging by my car, in my driveway. As if begging outside a store is somehow better but- just don't bring it home. Ridiculous really, unless I try to justify it by noting that when I go into a store, I can purchase a little food for them but caught in my driveway I am unprepared. I have nothing to give and not giving makes me feel stingy.

I see them go across to the clay water pot and take turns drinking. I have often wished for such a pot in front of my own house. Something that says, I see you. I am keenly aware that the harshest grievance is not refusing to give, but refusing to see. Its important to be looked at, to be greeted and to feel as if you are part of the world.  We don't like to do this because looking and seeing results in a sense of responsibility. It's simply not normal to see a young hungry child on the street and turn your head. But we do it. It's simply not possible to bring them all home and offer a cushy bed, or a seat at the dinner table. Sometimes, I buy bread. Or fruit. Or other snacks that we ourselves are in search of, treats. It's not too much to buy an extra box of something or a dozen rolls to share.

It's even easier to put some water outside your house. To welcome those who pass by, and support them in our journey through humanity.

One evening, I watched a group of the boys scamper up to the house, right up close to the wall. They  hung around a bit after they had their drink, fooling around and laughing, being physical in that way that boys do. No one came out and shooed them away. No one gave them deep penetrating stares until they slunk their heads and left. Myself, I enjoyed their laughter and their youth. The energy of living in the moment. It contrasted sharply with an experience we'd had in America and the memory came flooding back to me.

We'd been out walking, my aunt, Mbalia, Nabih and I. It was early evening and we were exploring a small patch of woods behind a school across from my aunt's house. A house where she has lived for over 20 years. The woods were really just a small patch of trees between the schoolyard and a wealthy new subdivision behind it.

My aunt led the way through the cool forest path until we emerged into the open- a field of high grass stretched before us abruptly turning into the manicured back lawn of several mini-mansion houses. I stopped in my tracks. Clearly we were trespassing. I looked to my aunt for guidance and she waved me on. She'd done this before. Nabih had the same reaction emerging from the trees. He stopped short and looked at me, questioning.

Later on when we had The Talk, we discussed this moment. This moment of hesitation and the sensation of something being not quite right. Forever and always, we should listen to that moment. Even if your mom tells you to go on ahead, you should question harder. Go with your gut.

We walked skirting the edge of the lawn, trying to balance on an invisible perimeter line. Anyone in their house looking out would see three strangers walking in their previously private and somewhat secluded back yard. Or they might see a small family out enjoying the evening air. It felt weird, but not more so than being a kid and taking the short cut that ran through the neighbor's yard. Until we got to the driveways. It definitely felt too intimate there.

We were in a place we didn't belong, too close to the wealthy. One of the men had come outside and crossed over to his neighbor's garage. He was watching us and waiting for his neighbor to join him. I said good evening but he looked at me coldly, silently. I walked on a few more steps, making my way to neutral ground on the street and turned around to see how close behind Nabih was.

That's when my heart dropped. I saw with someone else's eyes. A guy with a hoodie on, clouding his face. A big guy. Walking on private property. This is how people get shot, I thought. This is it exactly. How stupid of us to have taken what seemed a harmless short cut. How careless of him to be wearing his hood up.

The guy in the driveway was whispering to his neighbor. They stood close, gesturing, clearly pointing out our path. My heart was pounding. I knew they didn't see a 13 year old child. In their eyes, he wasn't the Nabih I knew. They didn't see him as a shy, young boy with a sweet smile and gentle laugh. They would have never have guessed he still kissed his mom goodbye every morning, even in the hallways of middle school surrounded by his friends. And they likely never even thought that his hood was up because he was cold, we were all cold, not quite used to the northern chill, still missing our warm African air, cozy-ing up in our long sleeves and sweaters and hoods.

Nope. They saw a foreigner. A menace. An unknown. Dark and bulky. All their worst imaginings, direct from an American media source nearby being pumped like poisoned well water into their homes night and day, all those easy stereotypes filled their heads. They didn't say hello. No nod. No friendly, 'Where you folks coming from?' Definitely no offer of a glass of water.

It is a stark contrast that America, overflowing with such abundance everyone feels a need to hide in their house and guard their treasures with this Mali, where the little bit of nothing someone has is offered freely with a generous smile. Despite all the 'development,' I'm not convinced Americans are better off. She hasn't sold me on the dream yet.

I had to have a talk with Nabih. I explained the recent history- all the shootings of innocent kids, the bias and racism, the idea that a practical clothing choice could play on the fear of someone else's ignorance.  I was a bit surprised at how much he didn't know, and sad I had to introduce him to it. Some of his innocence washed away.

I put my arm around him and enjoyed the feeling of walking down the street with my boy, realizing how it could have all gone wrong in an instant. I had to be much, much more on my toes in America. He could have been hurt- or gone.

Or the guy in the driveway could have said, "You guys get lost? Where y'all coming from?" and we could have laughed and said, "Africa," and he could have said, "Well that's a mighty long way," and then our worlds could have been opened and shared instead of that silent cold stare.

I think about it often when I see groups of kids walking down the streets in Bamako. They have their arms around each other, one leaning on the other or holding hands, journeying together. They surround me at my car, gathering in groups- in masses enough that once or twice I felt a tinge of fear. But my idea of retaliation was to sit them down and lecture them on the behaviors of begging. "If you want to get the most from people," I imagined myself saying,"don't all crowd together at their car. Give people room to breathe and send one or two preferably the youngest....." I cut off my imaginary lecture as I realized how absurd it all sounded. There are no easy answers.

We impose random things to normalize it all. A friend lines them up in order of age and begins by handing cookies to the youngest. I give out my rolls to the girls first, then the youngest boys. When they all grab and no one says thank you, I impose manners on them. As if it is going to change their prospects in life. When I give out oranges, I insist that they share, and then follow them to make sure it happens. Silly things, useless things.

But there is an exchange. No cold stares. No quiet judging of who I think they are or what they're capable of. I know they are children and they are children who are missing a lot of things I believe children should have. I can't fix that. But I can offer a smile, a small treat, an expectation that we treat each other with respect. I can say hello.

Even when they are in my driveway holding their oversized empty cans, staring at me with tired brown eyes, standing too close in their dirty, torn clothes and reaching out with too thin arms - I can still say Bonsoir, ca va? And I can really mean it. How are you, neighbor?